Why Head, Face, and Neck Pain Are Connected – Understanding Trigemino-Cervical Convergence

by Son PMR(Physical medicine & Rehabilitation ) & Chiropractic Clinic in Seoul

Hello, this is Son Cheolho Rehabilitation Medicine Clinic.

Today, I would like to share an important neurological concept called
"Trigemino-Cervical Convergence,"
which explains why pain in the head, face, and neck often overlaps and influences each other.

What Is Trigemino-Cervical Convergence?

The face and head are primarily innervated by the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V),
while the upper part of the neck (especially the C1–C3 regions) is innervated by the cervical spinal nerves.

Interestingly, signals from both these regions converge and are processed together
in an area of the brainstem called the Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus.
This phenomenon is known as Trigemino-Cervical Convergence.

Why Is This Important?

Because of this neurological convergence:

  • Problems in the neck (cervical spine) can cause pain in the head and face, and

  • Issues in the face can sometimes be perceived as pain in the neck or occipital (back of the head) region.

This helps explain why discomfort in one area can radiate or be felt in another.

When Does This Connection Matter?

This convergence may play a role in various situations, such as:

  • Headaches accompanied by neck pain

  • Pain or discomfort around the eyes

  • Ear pain or a sensation of ear fullness

  • Jaw pain combined with neck stiffness

  • Occipital (back of the head) pain

In such cases, it is important to assess not only the painful area itself,
but also the condition of the neck and surrounding structures comprehensively.

Supporting Research

Several studies have highlighted the clinical significance of this phenomenon:

  • Bogduk N. reported that "the upper cervical spinal nerves and the trigeminal nerve converge at the spinal trigeminal nucleus, providing an anatomical basis for cervical spine issues to cause head pain." (Current Pain and Headache Reports, 2001)

  • Piovesan EJ et al. suggested that "the convergence of cervical and trigeminal afferents explains the referral patterns seen in cervicogenic headaches." (Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2003)

  • Bartsch T, Goadsby PJ. described how "cervical and trigeminal sensory inputs overlap in the brainstem, contributing to the perception of pain in both regions." (Headache, 2002)

These findings support the understanding that Trigemino-Cervical Convergence plays an important role in various head and neck pain syndromes.

In Conclusion

Pain in the neck, face, and head is often interconnected through complex neurological pathways.
Understanding the true source of the discomfort and taking a comprehensive, holistic approach is essential.

👍Consultation and Appointment Information

Son PMR & Chiropractic Clinic( 2nd floor, 229-1 Gucheonmyun-Ro, Gangdongu, Seoul, South Korea) 

by  Dr Son MD & DC 
Contact: 02-482-8875 in Seoul( +82-2-482-8875)

댓글

댓글 쓰기

이 블로그의 인기 게시물

 What is Central Sensitization? by Son PMR(Physical medicine & Rehabilitation ) & Chiropractic Clinic in Seoul Central sensitization refers to a condition where the brain and spinal cord become abnormally sensitive to pain signals following an injury or inflammation. In simpler terms, the pathways that perceive pain become overly reactive, causing individuals to experience excessive pain from minor stimuli or persistent pain even after healing . Key Features of Central Sensitization Amplified pain responses (Allodynia) Pain is felt even with non-painful stimuli, such as light touch or gentle movement. Increased pain sensitivity (Hyperalgesia) Painful stimuli feel much more intense than usual. Persistent pain Pain can continue even after the original injury or inflammation has resolved. How Central Sensitization Develops Peripheral nerve injury or inflammation → Continuous transmission of pain signals to the spinal cord and brain → Hyperexcitab...
자세한 내용 보기
Why Is My Knee Swollen, and Why Does It Take So Long to Heal? by Son PMR(Physical medicine & Rehabilitation ) & Chiropractic Clinic in Seoul – Understanding Knee Swelling and Recovery Strategies Many people have experienced knee swelling and discomfort at some point. At first glance, it may seem like a minor issue, but in reality, it often takes longer than expected to heal. In this article, we’ll explore the common causes of knee swelling , why recovery tends to take time , and what treatment options may help . 1. What Causes Knee Swelling? Knee swelling is not a diagnosis itself—it’s a symptom with a variety of possible causes. Here are some of the most common: ✅ ① Trauma or Overuse Injuries from sports or prolonged walking can lead to inflammation in the knee joint, resulting in swelling. ✅ ② Meniscus or Ligament Injury Damage to structures like the meniscus or cruciate ligaments may cause internal bleeding or increased joint fluid, leading to visible swelling. ✅ ③...
자세한 내용 보기
  Upper Cervical Treatment for Refractory Musculoskeletal Pain: An Evidence-Based Approach by Son PMR(Physical medicine &Rehabilitation ) & Chiropractic Clinic in Seoul Chronic musculoskeletal pain can significantly reduce the quality of life, particularly for patients with refractory pain who do not respond well to conventional treatments. Recent research has highlighted the misalignment of the upper cervical spine (C1, C2) as a potential contributor to these challenging pain conditions. Upper cervical chiropractic care has emerged as a promising alternative based on increasing clinical evidence. The Relationship Between the Upper Cervical Spine and Musculoskeletal Pain The upper cervical spine consists of the first two cervical vertebrae, C1 (atlas) and C2 (axis), which play a crucial role in head movement and the function of the nervous system. Studies have shown that even minor misalignments in this area can affect the central nervous system and trigger pain (Ericks...
자세한 내용 보기