Why Upper Cervical Spine Treatment Can Help with Occipital Headache, Temporal Headache, and Dizziness

by Son’s Rehabilitation Medicine & Chiropractic Clinic in Seoul

Some patients experiencing occipital pain, bilateral temporal headaches, dizziness, and overall head discomfort may have underlying dysfunction or tension in the upper cervical spine (C1–C3). Anatomically, this area connects the head, neck, and brainstem, and plays a crucial role in various neurological functions.

1. Connection Between the Upper Cervical Spine and Occipital Nerves

The upper cervical spine, especially C1 to C3, is closely related to the occipital nerves. In particular, the C2 spinal nerve gives rise to the greater occipital nerve, which provides sensation to the back and top of the head.

When this area becomes misaligned or tense—due to poor posture, injury, or stress—it may irritate these nerves and lead to occipital or temporal headaches.

Reference: Bogduk N. The anatomical basis for cervicogenic headache. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1992;15(1):67–70.
→ Anatomical evidence supports that C2 nerve irritation can lead to cervicogenic headaches.

2. Relationship Between the Cervical Spine and Balance System – Dizziness and Headaches

The upper cervical spine contains proprioceptors—sensors that help the body maintain balance. These receptors send information to the brainstem, vestibular nuclei, and cerebellum.

When abnormal signals arise from cervical dysfunction, the brain may interpret them as imbalance, resulting in dizziness. This condition is referred to as cervicogenic dizziness.

Reference: Wrisley DM, Sparto PJ. Cervicogenic dizziness: a review of diagnosis and treatment. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2000;30(12):755–766.

3. Upper Cervical Misalignment and Sympathetic Nervous System Overactivity

The upper cervical spine lies near the medulla oblongata, a vital part of the brainstem involved in autonomic (involuntary) nervous system control. Misalignment or muscular tension in the C1–C2 region can lead to sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity.

This can manifest as tension-type headaches, fatigue, or imbalance.

Reference: Budgell B. Reflex effects of subluxations: the autonomic nervous system. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2000;23(2):104–106.

Treatment Approaches for the Upper Cervical Spine

When upper cervical dysfunction is suspected to contribute to headaches or dizziness, the following non-invasive treatments may be considered:

  • Manual therapy to correct joint misalignment

  • Myofascial release to relieve tension in surrounding muscles

  • Postural training and therapeutic exercises to support long-term recovery

These methods aim not only to relieve symptoms but also to address underlying causes, which can help reduce the likelihood of recurrence.

Summary

The upper cervical spine is anatomically and neurologically linked to the occipital region, temporal region, balance system, and autonomic nervous system. Dysfunction in this area may cause headaches and dizziness. Proper evaluation and targeted therapy for the upper cervical spine can lead to significant improvements in these symptoms.

However, not all headaches or dizziness originate from the cervical spine, so a thorough professional evaluation is essential. 

👍Consultation and Appointment Information

Son PMR & Chiropractic Clinic( 2nd floor, 229-1 Gucheonmyun-Ro, Gangdongu, Seoul, South Korea) 

by  Dr Son MD & DC 
Contact: 02-482-8875 in Seoul( +82-2-482-8875)

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